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Chemistry & Science Experiments
Flash Powder
Flash Powder is anexplosive used in all firecrackers & larger salutes such as M-80s &Aerial Bombs.
Although there are many different formulas for Flash Powder, the safest, (andthe industry standard)
is made just from Potassium Perchlorate & German Aluminum. It is farsuperior to any other
Flash Powder formula in many respects.
The Formula
| Potassium Perchlorate | 70 % | | Aluminum Powder
"German Dark" | 30 % |
Both Potassium Perchlorate & Aluminum Powder can be purchased at Skylighter.com. This is the industrystandard Flash Powder mixture found in all Firecrackers & Salutes.
All firework formulas are measured ONLY byweight.
For more information on measuring & weighing, see our "BasicManipulations" section.
Cautions
| Flash Powders are high energy explosive mixtures and require the utmost caution in their manufacture.
Of the Flash Powder mixtures listed below, the ONLY
one that should be used in Salutes (exploding fireworks) is 70/30 Flash
Powder, made from Potassium Perchlorate & Aluminum Powder.
Older Flash Powder mixtures containing Potassium CHLORATE or SULFUR are VERY dangerous,
VERY sensitive to friction and static electricity, and have exploded without warning.
The addition of Sulfur to Flash Powder formulations increases the
possibility of spontaneous combustion by the formation of Sulfurous
& Sulfuric acid, and the composition's sensitivity to friction
& shock.
It does not increase the report sound.
Although this particular Flash Powder is not terribly sensitive, it will still explode with sufficient impact or friction.
Never grind, pound, or subject any Flash Powder to friction or shock.
Under the proper conditions, it may explode with devastating results. |
Procedure
 The 2 chemicals used to make Flash Powder. The one on the left is
Potassium Perchlorate, a fine white powder. The other is German
Aluminum Powder, a dust-like, dark gray powder that doesn't even really
look like Aluminum. Although "Bright Aluminum" Powder can also be used
in place of German Aluminum, it will only work well in large salutes
with very heavy walls and thick end plugs. German Aluminum will make a
much more powerful Flash Powder that will produce a great report, even
in small salutes with thin wall tubes.
 Begin by weighing out 70 grams of Potassium Perchlorate.
 Next,
you'll want to sift the Potassium Perchlorate through a very fine
screen or strainer to break up any small lumps. There are many
strainers available in kitchen supply shops and it's important to get
the proper kind. The screen mesh (the size of the holes in the screen)
should be much, much smaller than an ordinary window screen. You want a
strainer with the finest mesh possible. You should not be able to move
the individual wires that make up the screen if you try to with your
fingers. Using a screen like this will defeat the purpose. Large clumps
will simply move the wires and make the holes bigger allowing larger
particles to go through. These type screens may cost around $2.00 to
$5.00, but a good quality Stainless Steel screen with a very fine mesh
(a mesh that won't slide around) will probably cost you closer to
$10.00 or $12.00.
You can find these type of strainers at some supermarkets, and kitchen supplystores (try your local mall).
 Weigh out 30 grams of German Aluminum
powder. It will not be necessary to sift the Aluminum powder through a
screen.
Mixing
There
aremany ways to safely mix Flash Powder, we're going to show you the
two mostpopular. One involves shaking the two in a plastic baggie, the
other involvesplacing the two chemicals on a sheet of paper and gently
lifting oppositecorners until the composition is well mixed. This
second technique is normallyused with more sensitive mixtures, but
there are those who only feel comfortablemixing any explosive mixture
this way. Personally, we use the plastic baggietechnique.
 Pour the 2 chemicals on a sheet of paper.
 Pour
the chemicals into a Zip-Loc plastic baggie, making sure not to get any
powder on the bag seal. If you do, the bag will not seal properly.
 Although
this type of Flash Powder mixture isn't very sensitive to static
charge, we just like to add this optional step for the hell of it.
"Static Guard" is a spray that you can find in your local
supermarket/grocery store in the laundry supply aisle. It works great
at dissipating static charges on a variety of materials. We like to
spray it on just about everything (even our clothing) for added
protection.
On the other hand, we've fired 8" electrical discharges
from a Van DeGraffelectrostatic generator, directly into piles of this
type Flash Powder and neverhad an ignition. Why then, do we bother to
use Static Guard? The only answer is:"why not?". It's always better to
be safe, than sorry, and why nottake a few extra precautions when
working with high energy materials? There'salways the possibility of
some weird 1 in a million chance of an unusual occurrence,so why not
take the extra second, spend the extra $2.00 and buy some addedsafety
insurance.
So, with that said, spray some Static Guard on your Zip-Loc baggie.
  Shake the bag well to blend the 2 chemicals together.
Pour the mixture out, onto a sheet of
paper, and you've got a 100 gram batch of damn strong 70/30 Flash
Powder.
Other Flash Powder Formulas
The following are specialpurpose Flash Powder formulas that find use in some magic tricks (when lit as aloose powder),
but most do not perform well in salutes (exploding fireworks).
| Potassium Nitrate Flash Powder |
| Potassium Nitrate | 50 % | | Magnesium Powder | 50 % |
| Barium Nitrate Flash Powder |
| Barium Nitrate | 68 % | | German Aluminum Powder | 23 % | | Sulfur | 9 % |
| Red Magnesium Flash Powder |
| Strontium Nitrate | 50 % | | Magnesium Powder | 50 % |
| Green Magnesium Flash Powder |
| Barium Nitrate | 50 % | | Magnesium Powder | 50 % |
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